Fewer than 100 in the Red Sea

Every sighting counts.

DugongWatch turns every sighting into a contribution to science and protection. Report your dugong sighting, upload a photo or video – and help protect the last sea cows of the Red Sea.

News

About DugongWatch

Dive in. Make a difference.

No research vessel gets as close as you do. Scientists spend months finding a single dugong – divers meet them every day. What used to vanish in dive logbooks now helps science.

Background

Side view of a dugong swimming over a seagrass meadow

Why dugongs matter

The dugong is the only remaining species of the family Dugongidae. Its closest relative, Steller’s sea cow, was hunted to extinction in the 18th century. Today dugongs live in the shallow coastal waters of the Indo-Pacific – from the Red Sea via the Persian Gulf to Australia. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List classifies the dugong as “Vulnerable” worldwide. The East African coastal population, which includes the Egyptian dugongs, is even considered “Critically Endangered”. However, because accurate population data are lacking, it is difficult to make a reliable assessment.

Dugong stirring up sand while feeding and leaving a trail in the seagrass

Dependent on seagrass

Dugongs feed almost exclusively on seagrass – and are gardeners of the sea themselves: their grazing promotes regrowth of meadows that are among the most effective carbon stores on Earth. When the seagrass goes, so do the dugongs.

Flank of a dugong with individual markings, accompanied by golden trevallies

Identify individuals by photo-ID

AI-assisted image analysis recognises scars and injuries and re-identifies individual animals.

DugongWatch in numbers

0
years
Dugongs can live for up to 70 years. They have their first calf only at around 10 years.
0
metres
Body length of up to 3 metres, weight over 400 kg.
20–0
animals
That is how few dugongs are estimated to remain along the Egyptian coast of the Red Sea (Hanafy et al., 2006).
0
states
have signed the UNEP/CMS Dugong MoU – an international, non-legally binding agreement under the Convention on Migratory Species (CMS) that promotes coordinated conservation for dugongs and their seagrass habitats.

The biggest threats to dugongs

Did you know?

Dugongs communicate with melodic chirps, squeaks, barks and trills.

The name dugong comes from Malay: duyong – “lady of the sea” or “mermaid”.

A feeding dugong leaves long, clean furrows in the seagrass – visible even from a plane.

Sighting hotspots

Where dugongs are seen in the Red Sea

Known seagrass bays along the Egyptian coast. The list grows continuously from reported sightings.

Marsa Abu Dabbab

Marsa Alam, Egypt

Marsa Mubarak

Marsa Alam, Egypt

Wadi El Gemal

National park, Egypt

Marsa Shagra

Red Sea, Egypt

Citizen science: many eyes see more

Citizen science means systematically involving volunteers in scientific data collection. DugongWatch brings this principle underwater: no research programme in the world can watch as many places at once as the diving community.

Dugong feeding on seagrass, facing the camera

How we work scientifically

About the project

DugongWatch is a citizen science project. The data are observation reports without any claim to scientific completeness. Species identification and age estimates may be wrong.

Personal data are used solely for project communication and are not shared with third parties. Sighting data are stored anonymously.

Some countries have specific reporting duties for sightings of protected marine species. DugongWatch does not replace official reports.

The project depends on funding. The continuity of the database cannot be guaranteed.

How to report a sighting

Dugongs are shy – and for divers and snorkellers one of the most extraordinary encounters underwater. With DugongWatch every sighting turns into a contribution to science. It’s easy – just use the app (available in 2027). Want to report a sighting right now? Send an email to info@dugongwatch.org.

  1. Open the app and sign in. Open DugongWatch and sign up. Signing up takes less than two minutes and requires only a few contact details.
  2. Tap “Report sighting” – the button is on the app’s home screen.
  3. Date and time: pick the date of your sighting from the calendar and add the time if you know it.
  4. Set the location: GPS automatically (“Use my location” – ideally right after the sighting), coordinates from your dive computer, or drop a pin on the map.
  5. Describe the animal: Adult or calf? Did the animal look injured? How many animals did you see?
  6. Upload a photo (recommended). Even blurry or dark shots are valuable – the AI can extract individual features from poor photos.
  7. Comment (optional): behaviour, depth, anything unusual – every extra detail can help.
  8. Submit. Tap “Submit sighting”. You get a confirmation and see your sighting on your personal map.

Rather upload than write an email?

Simply send us your photos and videos right here on the website. Location, date, name and a comment are optional.

Close-up of a dugong above seagrass

What makes a good photo?

  • Keep your distance: At least 3–5 metres, no flash, no sudden movements.
  • Shoot from the side: The flank shows individual scars and markings most clearly.
  • Focus on the tail fluke: Propeller scars and notches on the fluke are the key identifying feature.
  • Take several shots: Many photos from different angles beat a single snapshot.

Code of conduct for divers

Dugongs are protected wild animals. These rules protect them – and help ensure they keep letting people come close. Draft – please review and complete before publishing.

More rules in detail

Placeholder – add text

Placeholder – e.g. slow down over seagrass, keep a lookout

Placeholder – contacts, emergency numbers

Act together

Report a sighting

Seen a dugong? Report place, time and photo – it takes under two minutes.

Code of conduct

How to behave underwater – for animals and people.

Donate

The project depends on funding. Your donation keeps the database, app and analysis running.

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